Introduction: Informations related to age, gender, birth and cause of death are the cornerstones of public health planning. The infant mortality rates of prenatal and childhood periods are used as indicators of the level of development, social progress or health status of the countries. In this study, we have aimed to show that the event of infant mortality rates under the age of 15 in Turkey and explain the regional differences, also compare with the other countries.

Materials and Methods: In our study, death, mortality rates and population data of Turkish Statistical Institute (TUİK) from 2009 to 2016 were used.

Results: The number of child deaths under the age of 15, both in boys and girls, decreased between the years 2009–2016. It is observed that the death rates of infant, neonatal and post-neonatal decreased between the years 2009–2016. Moreover, it is also noticed that death rates under the age of 5 are higher in Northeastern Anatolian, Middle-Eastern Anatolian, and Southeastern Anatolian Regions than the other regions.

Conclusion: The death rates of infants and child under the age of 5 has been in the downward trend in Turkey and in the world during the recent years. It is also known that the mortality rates of infants under the age of 5 and baby mortality rates are higher in Southeastern, Middle Eastern and Northeastern Anatolian Regions han the other regions and the development level of these regions are lower than the other regions in Turkey.