In this descriptive and crossectional study; infant deaths and affecting factors in Melikgazi Health area in 2006 were concluded. Death forms that filled by the related midwives were reviewed and death causes and affecting factors were evaluated.

Of the infants 58 % were male. All of them born in a health center and 42.9 % were born with ceaserian. While there was no birth at home, 10 % death occured at home. Death reasons were 31.2 % prematurity and its complications and congenital abnormalities 29.52 %. Of deaths 43.8 % were occured in first seven days of life. There wasn't known health risk of 56.3 % of mothers. One fifth of infant deaths occured less 18 and over 35 years old mothers. Over than 90 % of infant deaths occured health house areas that related 3000 to 7000 people.

As a result it was concluded that preventable reasons like infections were seen less according to previous years and it was positive; to get lesser in early and late age pregnancies; strengtening of antenatal care for preventing prematurity and congenital abnormalities; and decrease of population per midwife necessary to prevention on infant deaths.