Objective: Isolated cytokines from the host response to as the main determinant of after trauma show the severity of trauma and released from the period may increase or decrease. Increased blood levels of Interleukin-6 are usually used as indicators of systemic inflammatory response or postoperative morbidity. The other elevated cytokines (TGF β-1) have also the same antiinflammatory properties. On the other hand, decreasing the level of post-traumatic early period, in the later stages as a result of stimulation of cytokine expression in adipocytes by increasing the level of the rising another mediator is leptin. In this study, serum IL-6, TGF β-1, and leptin levels were to investigate the relationship between the assessment of prognosis in head injured patients.

Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 15 healthy control group and 30 patients who present with mild and moderate head injury based on Glasgow coma scale of 9-15.

Results: When compared to controls serum leptin levels were found to be significantly lower in patients. IL-6 levels were observed a significant difference between patient and control groups, and in term of 48th hour values were significantly higher than 24th hour levels. 48th hour TGF β-1 values were higher than 24th hour values in patient and control groups values, but not significant.

Conclusion: It was thought that the IL–6, TGF β-1 level in patients with head trauma become more distinguished when Glasgow coma scale decreased, and also a significant decline in leptin levels in posttraumatic period might be important for the evaluation of the prognosis.