Objective: This study was planned because there were no studies on sex determination from humerus detected in Turkey until now, although there are studies on sex determination from humerus in many populations worldwide.

Material and Methods: The study was performed on 104 (52 female and 52 male) left-side, dry adult humerus. Total 22 measurements were made on humerus. Sex difference was assessed by independent t-test for normally distributed variables and by Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed variables. The metric values which provide the best distinction between sexes were detected using ROC Analysis.

Results: According to the result of these tests there is a statistically significant difference between the sexes in nearly all measurements.(P<0.05) (except DFR (Depth of fossa radialis) and WTH (Width of trochlea humeri) values). Acoording to ROC Analysis, TDTH (Transverse diameter of humerus head), MinSD (Minimum shaft diameter), Epicondylar width (EW) and Maximum length of humerus (MLH) were showen to be the most reliable variablesin sex distinction.

Conclusion: Our study is a cross-sectional study which doesn't represent the whole Turkish society. Because this study is the first one made on this topic we assume that it will be a source for future studies on sex distinction by the use of humerus.