Objective: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a disease characterized by the development of tractional retinal detachment and results in severe vision loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intravitreal octreotide and infliximab on the development of PVR.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight pigmented guinea pigs were divided into 4 groups with 7 subjects in each group. In group 1, 0.20 mL of saline was administered intravitreally (control). Group 2 was administered 0.07 IU/0.10 mL of dispase and 0.10 mL of saline (sham). Group 3 received 0.07 IU /0.10 mL of dispase and 1 mg/0.10 mL of infliximab (infliximab). 0.07 IU/0.01 mL dispase and 1 mg/0.10 mL octreotide were administered to guinea pigs in group 4 (octreotide). During the experiment, groups 3 and 4 received intravitreal injections at the same dose twice in total. The 10-week period required for the development of PVR was waited. At the end of the experiment, the eyes were enucleated and divided into two; half of the globe was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and histopathologically evaluated in terms of epiretinal membrane formation, presence of karyopycnosis in ganglion cells, deterioration in photoreceptor cells and presence of retinal folds.

Results: A significant improvement was observed in the infliximab group in terms of histopathological deterioration in photoreceptor cells and epiretinal membrane formation compared to the sham group (p=0.031, p=0.018). In the octreotide group, only photoreceptor cells showed a significant improvement compared to the sham group (p=0.031).

Conclusion: Histopathologically, it was observed that intravitreal infliximab and octreotide were effective in preventing the development of PVR. The study shows that these and drugs with similar efficacy need to be used as adjuvant pharmacological drugs in order to achieve optimal success in the prophylaxis and treatment of PVR.