The World Health Organization defines sports-related sudden death as death occurring in the course of the sports activity or following 30 sec-6 hours without the presence of a trauma. Athlete deaths during sporting events or training are on a gradual rise in recent years. Hence, sports or exercise-related sudden deaths are considered to be of concern in the community. The vast majority of sudden deaths in athletes are of cardio-vascular origin. The most common causes include hypertrophic cardio-myopathy, arrhyhtmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, and congenital coronary artery anomalies. However, coronary artery disease comes in the foreground among athletes above 35 years of age. In this review, we aimed to provide information about cardio-vascular system diseases, the most common cause of athlete deaths, and the measures that should be taken in these pathological conditions.